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A review of liquid crystal spatial light modulators: devices and applications
液晶空间光调制器的器件与应用综述
液晶空間光変調器のデバイスと応用の概要
액정 공간 광 모뎀의 부품과 응용에 대한 종합 서술
Resumen de dispositivos y aplicaciones de moduladores de luz espacial LCD
Aperçu des dispositifs et des applications pour les modulateurs de lumière spatiale à cristaux liquides
Обзор приборов и применения жидкокристаллических пространственных модуляторов света
Yiqian Yang 杨怡谦 ¹, Andrew Forbes ², Liangcai Cao 曹良才 ¹
¹ Department of Precision Instruments, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
中国 北京 清华大学精密仪器系
² School of Physics, University of the Witwatersrand, Wits, South Africa
Opto-Electronic Science, 31 October 2023
Abstract

Spatial light modulators, as dynamic flat-panel optical devices, have witnessed rapid development over the past two decades, concomitant with the advancements in micro- and opto-electronic integration technology. In particular, liquid-crystal spatial light modulator (LC-SLM) technologies have been regarded as versatile tools for generating arbitrary optical fields and tailoring all degrees of freedom beyond just phase and amplitude.

These devices have gained significant interest in the nascent field of structured light in space and time, facilitated by their ease of use and real-time light manipulation, fueling both fundamental research and practical applications. Here we provide an overview of the key working principles of LC-SLMs and review the significant progress made to date in their deployment for various applications, covering topics as diverse as beam shaping and steering, holography, optical trapping and tweezers, measurement, wavefront coding, optical vortex, and quantum optics.

Finally, we conclude with an outlook on the potential opportunities and technical challenges in this rapidly developing field.
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