Recent advances in fiber-tip integration based on femtosecond laser 3D printing
基于飞秒激光3D打印的光纤尖端集成研究进展
フェムト秒レーザー3 D印刷に基づく光ファイバ先端集積研究の進展
페모초 레이저 3D 프린팅을 기반으로 하는 섬유 페페이버 페페페이버 페
Avances recientes en la integración de punta de fibra basada en la impresión 3D láser de femtosegundos
Progrès récents dans l'intégration de la pointe de fibre basée sur l'impression 3D laser femtoseconde
Недавние достижения в интеграции волоконного конца на основе фемтосекундной лазерной 3D-печати
Yuye Xuan ¹ ², Dezhi Zhu ¹ ², Dejun Liu ¹ ², Ying Wang ¹ ², Yiping Wang ¹ ³, Changrui Liao ¹ ²
¹ State Key Laboratory of Radio Frequency Heterogeneous Integration, Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education/Guangdong Province, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
中国 深圳 深圳大学物理与光电工程学院 教育部/广东省光电子器件与系统重点实验室 射频异质异构集成全国重点实验室
² Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Ultrafast Laser Micro/Nano Manufacturing, Guangdong and Hong Kong Joint Research Centre for Optical Fibre Sensors, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
中国 深圳 深圳大学 广东省光纤传感技术粤港联合研究中心 深圳市超快激光微纳制造重点实验室
³ Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Photonic Devices and Sensing Systems for Internet of Things, Guangdong and Hong Kong Joint Research Centre for Optical Fibre Sensors, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
中国 深圳 深圳大学 广东省光纤传感技术粤港联合研究中心 深圳物联网光子器件与传感系统重点实验室
Integrating functional materials onto optical fiber tips offers significant potential for advanced sensing, communication, and imaging. However, conventional fabrication techniques are hindered by procedural complexity, insufficient resolution, and a lack of genuine three-dimensional (3D) structuring capability. Femtosecond laser 3D printing circumvents these limitations through spatially confined nonlinear light-matter interactions, which can induce multiphoton polymerization, precursor conversion, or photochemical bonding depending on the material system.
This review presents the physical principles, material systems, and processing strategies tailored for both high precision and high efficiency, which underpin this technology. The principles of nonlinear two-photon absorption and the mechanisms of two-photon polymerization for the employed materials are explained. The printable materials are classified into three major categories: organic, organic-inorganic hybrids, and purely inorganic, and their respective progress in fiber-tip device fabrication is reviewed.
For processing, precision-enhancing approaches include spatial confinement of optical fields, voxel control regulated by material kinetics and coupled confinement of light and matter, while efficiency-enhancing techniques include multifocus parallel writing, planar projection exposure, and volumetric projection exposure. Regarding applications, this review comprehensively covers optical surface imaging, optical coherence tomography and beam shaping, as well as microelectromechanical systems sensing for force, gas, temperature, and magnetic field. The core challenges include limitations in functional materials, constraints in printing technologies, and difficulties in fiber-tip integration. Correspondingly, future directions include constructing new fiber-integrated material systems, developing new fiber-integrated printing methods, and expanding new fiber-integrated device applications.
This review aims to provide practical guidance for the rational design and engineering application of functional fiber-tip devices by summarizing key principles, processing strategies, and future perspectives to facilitate their practical adoption.
